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Volume 61 >>> № 5 SEPTEMBER — OCTOBER 2025

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UDC 30.101.541-336.7

B.B. Dunaev
State Educational-Scientific Establishment “The Academy of Financial Management,” Kyiv, Ukraine, bbdunaev@ukr.net

REGULATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL STRUCTURE INDICATORS
IN THE COUNTRY’S ECONOMY

Abstract. The functions of dependence of inflation and cash norm on the ratio of nominal GDP to cash (normalized nominal GDP) and on the velocity of money circulation are determined in the economy of the country. For the velocity of money circulation, the marginal normalized nominal GDP is determined at zero inflation. A nomogram of the linear dependence of inflation of the technological structure (TS) on the normalized nominal GDP is constructed at the existing velocity of money circulation, TS, showing that the inflation values TS of highly developed and developed economies are impossible for industrial, developing, and underdeveloped economies. A nomogram of the dependence of the cash norm TS on the normalized nominal GDP at the existing velocity of money circulation TS is constructed, showing that the level of cash norms of highly developed and developed economies is impossible for developing and underdeveloped economies. Measurements of TS indicators for the Ukrainian economy from 2006 to 2021 and the US economy from 2008 to 2023 were conducted by statistical values: nominal GDP, gross output, GDP deflator, amount of cash, amount of money in circulation, and reserve ratio of commercial banks, which were the results of regulating the TS indicators.

Keywords: technological structure of the economy, inflation, normalized nominal GDP, velocity of money, market equilibrium, labor, capital, money, interest rate, foreign exchange assets, cash ratio.

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UDC 30.101.541-336.7

REGULATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL STRUCTURE INDICATORS IN THE COUNTRY’S ECONOMY

REFERENCES

REGULATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL STRUCTURE INDICATORS
IN THE COUNTRY’S ECONOMY